Anatomy

Permanent URI for this community

http://41.93.62.172:4000/handle/123456789/144

Browse

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Accessory left testicular vein:A rare variation
(International Journal of Anatomy and Research, 2016-11-30) Lufukuja, George J.
I am reporting a case of a male cadaver, of 40 years of age. In our routine dissection in our University laboratory at Hubert Kairuki Memorial University for the first year medical students, we observed an accessory left testicular vein draining into the left renal vein. Anatomic variations of the testicular vein are frequent, especially concerning the number of left side testicular veins and the angle of termination of these veins. Normally the left testicular vein ascends almost vertically terminating in the left renal vein in a right angle, and this has been suggested to results in a higher tendency for the left testicle to develop varicocele. This is due to the fact that gravity working on the column of blood in the left testicular vein that connects to the renal vein at a right angle. During preoperative planning of varicocele, the surgeons should not overlook the possibility of an abnormal drainage site or an accessory collateral drainage as it is in this case, because such a misdiagnosis may result in an increase of varicocele recurrence rate.
Anomalous origin of the coronary arteries
(Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, 2016) Lufukuja, George J.
The arterial supply of the heart is provided by the left and right coronary arteries, which arise from the ascending aorta immediately above the aortic valve. An anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the right aortic sinus and vice versa is reported to be between 0.6% - 5.6% and is a clinical relevant congenital coronary malformation as it can lead to sudden death. Coronary anomalies are a poorly understood topic in modern cardiology especially in developing countries like Tanzania. Anomalous origins of coronary arteries may cause potentially dangerous symptoms and even sudden death during strenuous activity. A cadaveric study in an unsuspected population provides a basis for understanding the normal variants, which may facilitate determination of the prevalence of anomalies and evaluation of the value of screening for such anomalies. The present study describes the normal and variant anatomy of coronary arteries in a Tanzanian population. A total of 75 hearts were studied, where 77.3% of them were obtained from male cadaverous specimens. Results revealed that in 2.7% of the hearts the left and right coronary artery had originated from a common ostium in the left aortic sinus. These variations have been reported in several case reports and studies. However, there are no such extensive studies being conducted among Tanzanians. The present study was undertaken to shed more light on this topic and it provides a basis for nderstanding the normal variants, for determining the incidence of anomalies, and for evaluating the value of screening for such anomalies.
Bilateral double ureters and accessory renal vessels in a Tanzanian male cadaver:a rare urinary system variation
(International Journal of Anatomical Variations, 2011-09-27) Lufukuja, George J.; Marwa, Rahabu M.; Fabian, Flora M.
We report a case of a male cadaver, of 40 years of age. We observed two ureters on the left kidney and two ureters on the right kidney. In this case, the ureters originated from the upper and lower poles, whereby, those from upper poles of the kidneys were longer than those from lower poles. On both sides the ureters opened separately into the urinary bladder.Bilateral double ureters are very rare anatomical variations. Knowledge of anatomical variations of the urinary systemis of great importance for not only urological conditions but also in surgeries involving renal transplant and radiological examinations interpretation. If urologists and clinicians generally have a sound knowledge on anatomical variations it would ease management and surgical interventions, as this may reduce unnecessary complications.
Dextrocardia with situs inversus totalis in a Tanzanian male cadaver:A rare variation
(International Journal of Anatomy and Research, 2016-09-30) Lufukuja, George J.
Dextrocardia with Situs Inversus is a rare heart condition characterized by not only variant positioning of the heart, but also the mirror-image reversal of the organs in the chest and abdominal cavity. Dextrocardia with Situs inversus totalis was detected incidentally in a 30-35-year-old male cadaver in our daily routine dissection for undergraduate medical students. We found that the right lung was bi-lobed and had a cardiac notch while the left lung had three lobes. The liver and gallbladder were positioned on left and the spleen on the right. The arch of aorta passed posteriorly to the right and azygous vein arched on the left bronchus to enter the superior vena cava on the left side. Situs inversus, though rare condition, is dangerous if not diagnosed prior to surgery.
High Bifurcation of Brachial Artery and its Clinical Significance
(Journal of Anatomical Science and Research, 2018-02-23) Lufukuja, George J.
The brachial artery is the direct continuation of the third part axillary artery at the lower border of teres major muscle and normally it terminates about a centimeter distal to elbow joint (at the level of neck of the radius) by dividing into radial and ulnar arteries. This study was done on 18 cadavers which were available in the department of .anatomy and the aim was to determine and find out the variations in division pattern of the main artery of the arm; brachial artery. All the cadavers were dissected, and we found that two out of eighteen cadavers have the variation. In the first cadaver a bilateral short segment (approximately 1 cm from its origin) of the brachial artery which divide into radial and ulnar arteries at the level of the upper third of the arm. In the second cadaver, a unilateral high bifurcation of brachial artery was found in left upper limb and this was at a level nearly middle third of the arm. The general physicians, surgeons, and radiologists must be mindful to these possible anatomical variations of the brachial artery, in their daily medical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
Superficial ulnar artery: A rare variation in a Tanzanian male cadaver
(International Journal of Anatomy and Research,, 2016-06-30) Lufukuja, George J.
The superficial ulnar artery is a very rare variation of the upper limb arterial system that usually arises from the brachial artery and occasionally it may arise from axillary artery and runs superficial to the muscles of the forearm that arising from the medial epicondyle. In our daily routine dissections we observed a unilateral superficial ulnar artery on the right hand side of a male cadaver of 53 years of age. The artery emerged superficially immediate below the lower margin of the bicipital aponeurosis and coursed superficial to palmaris longus and flexor carpi ulnaris making it highly vulnerable to intra-arterial injection. Knowledge of this anatomical variation is of great importance for every medical personnel.
Unusual termination of the facial vein into external jugular vein and its clinical implication
(Journal of Embryology & Stem Cell Research, 2020-08-25) Lufukuja, George J.; Lugwisha, Pamela; Mwaipaja, Emmy A.; Byabato, Byarugaba
The superficial veins of the neck are used for cannulation, either for intravenous infusion or for central venous pressure monitoring. Variations in the venous system from the normal pattern are relatively common. We present some unusual variations of the facial vein draining into the external jugular vein instead of draining into the internal jugular vein. The external jugular vein usually begins just behind the angle of the mandible by the union of the posterior auricular vein with the posterior division of the retromandibular vein and then descends obliquely across the sternocleidomastoid muscle and, just above the clavicle, pierces the deep fascia and drains into the subclavian vein. External jugular vein gives a reliable estimate of central venous pressure. The variation may give false value of pressure due to facial vein draining into it, also may create difficulty in catheterization. It’s very important not only for anatomists but also for head and neck surgeons to be aware of the possible anatomical variation in the formation of external jugular Vein and its clinical implications.
A variant origin of cystic artery from superior mesenteric artery
(International Journal of Anatomical Variations, 2014-06-01) Lufukuja, George J.
The cystic artery usually arises from the right hepatic artery. It usually passes posterior to the common hepatic duct and anterior to the cystic duct to reach the superior aspect of the neck of the gallbladder and divides into superficial and deep branches. The superficial branch ramifies on the inferior aspect of the body of the gallbladder, the deep branch on the superior aspect. In our case we observed a variant origin of cystic artery from the superior mesenteric artery. Knowledge of the variant vascular anatomy of the sub-hepatic region is important for hepatobiliary surgeons in limiting operative complications due to unexpected bleeding.

Browse

Browsing Anatomy by Author "Lufukuja, George J."

Results Per Page

Sort Options