KAIRUKI UNIVERSITY REPOSITORY
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(Kairuki University, 2026-01-13) Kaizilege Karoma
Assessment of women's knowledge and attitude towards carcinoma of the cervix in Ilala municipality.
(East African Journal of Public Health, 2010) Chande, Hassan M.
Main objective: To asses knowledge and attitudes of women towards carcinoma of the cervix in Ilala Municipality.
Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study targeting all women in Ilala municipality. Therefore the sample size was 196 women but for the purpose of this study it was increased up to 201 women.A multistage random sampling procedure was used to select a representative sample. Permission was sought at all the appropriate levels in the form of oral as well as written consent.Only women who were willing to participate in the study were interviewed. A questionnaire was developed and data analysed using Epi info software was used to analyse data. Differences beween proportions found in different groups were tested for statistical significant using chi-squared test.
Results: A total of 210 women were interviewed. A number of respondents were in the age groups 21-30 and 31-40 years and 76.1% of the respondents were aware of carcinoma of the cervix. The most common mentioned risk factors were early marriage (37.1%) and multiparity (36%). Irregular vaginal bleeding was the most common symptom metioned (51.7%). Irrespective of the level of education 98%-100% of all respondents knew the importance of screening for carcinoma of the cervix.
Conclusion: It was therefore concluded that women were aware of carcinoma of the cervix but the knowledge on this disease is still very low.
Patient knowledge, practices and challenges to health care system in early diagnosis of mycobacterial adenitis
(East African Medical Journal, 2005) Chande, Hassan M.
Objective: To assess diagnostic delay, knowledge and practices related to tuberculosis among patients with mycobacterial adenitis.
Design: A cross sectional study involving comparison analysis of high-risk groups.
Setting: Seven hospitals in rural and semi-rural districts of Arusha.
Subjects: Four hundred and twenty six clinically diagnosed adenitis patients.
Interventions: Biopsy specimens were processed for culture, histology, and sera for HIV testing. A questionnaire was used to assess knowledge, practice, and diagnostic time.
Main outcome measures: Tribal comparisons were made using proportions and means.
Results: About 90% (387/423) of patients first visited medical facilities within a mean time of 10.1(SD, 15.7) weeks after becoming aware of their illness, and a diagnosis was made at a mean of 27 (SD, 25) weeks. Non-Iraqw patients, especially the Datoga, practised drinking raw milk (35.2% 43/122), eating raw animal products (18.8% 24/128) and living in houses with poor ventilation (33.6% 44/131), more than Iraqw patients. Of the investigations done, 14.5% (60/415) were culture positive, 11.3% (16/142) were HIV positive, and 73.6% (128/174) had histological features consistent with tuberculosis. The knowledge of TB spread by air droplets was poorer in Iraqw (74.1%, 203/274) than in non-lraqw (61.1%, 77/126) patients. About 35.0% (45/129) of non-lraqw and 27.3% (79/289) of Iraqw patients were not aware that TB could be transmitted from animals to humans.
Conclusions: The health system diagnostic delay is about twice the patient delay. The knowledge and practices related to both human and bovine TB transmission were poor in all patients, especially in the patients from nomadic tribes.
Management of a prenatally diagnosed congenital anomaly and comparison of management in developed and developing countries: A case report
(EC Paediatrics, 2024-08-12) Rutachunzibwa, Fredy F.
Abstract
Introduction: Congenital anomalies are structural or functional anomalies that occur during intrauterine life. These conditions may
be identified before birth or after.
Case Report: A 23-year-old female was referred to University of Miyazaki Hospital. Ultrasound showed polyhydramnios, intrauterine
growth restriction, single umbilical artery and dilated fetal bowel loops. Numerical chromosomal anomalies were ruled out by
amniotic fluid analysis. The baby was born at 35 weeks, abdominal X-ray showed features of small intestinal atresia. On day two of
life the baby underwent surgery and had a good prognosis.
Conclusion: Prenatal diagnosis is important to ensure timely management of anomalies.
Environmental factors associated with diarrhoea among under-five children attending at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania
(Tanzania J Clin Nur Rep, 2024-06-30) Mathias, Victor A.
Generally, diarrhoea is still a second major reason of death and illness in children below the age of five years. It
holds breathes of around half a million under five children every year and causes million more to be admitted. Every
year diarrhoea kills around 525000 children under five years. Globally there are nearly 1.7 billion cases of child-
hood diarrhoea disease every year. Unfortunately, environmental factors associated with diarrhoea among under
five children in Tanzania have not yet well addressed. Therefore, this study aimed to determine environmental factors
associated with diarrhoea among under-five children attending at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), in Tanzania.
A quantitative cross-sectional study design of 100 simple randomly selected participants was applied. Questionnaires
were used to collect data from mothers/ carers with a child of under-five children suffering from diarrhoea admitted at
MNH. Data were analysed using SPSS. Environmental risk factors associated with diarrhoea were determined with a
p value of ≤ 0.05. Unsuitable infrastructure for grey water disposal, improper hand washing before feeding the baby
and hand washing without using clean water and soap had strongly association with diarrhoea in under-five children
attending at MNH with P-value of 0.001, 0.001, and 0.01 respectively. Identified risk factors for diarrhoea among
under-five children call for the importance of providing health education to the caregivers on the causes, prevention,
and treatment on the problem.