Comparison of efficiencies of selected sample extraction techniques for the analysis of selected antiretroviral drugs in human plasma using LC- MS
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Date
2017
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
Abstract
Introduction
Sample preparation in bio analytical chemistry poses a challenge because it can be
compound dependent. We compared six sample extraction techniques i.e. QuEChERS (Q),
liquid extraction (LE), protein precipitation (PPT), Q-PPT, Q-LE and LE-PPT for the
extraction of antiretroviral drugs emtricitabine, tenofovir, efavirenz, lopinavir and rotinavir
in human blood plasma.
Method
A multiple reaction monitoring liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry method
for the determination of the same antiretroviral drugs developed and validated in this
laboratory was used. Comparisons were based on the efficiencies of extraction, the precisions
and accuracies. Using United States Food and Drug Administration guidelines, analytical
performance characteristics i.e. limits of detection, lower limits of quantification and upper
limits of quantification were also compared.
Results
The percent mean recoveries ranged between 68.8 and 81.2% for single modes and 52.4–
70.5% for mixed mode techniques. The precisions of all the extraction techniques were
within the Using United States Food and Drug Administration guidelines acceptable range of
< 15% at all concentration levels for all analytes. Accuracy ranged between 8.73 and 65.94%
for single mode techniques and between 21.73 and 51.59% for mixed mode techniques.
Discussion
The mixed modes gave slightly lower recoveries but Q-LE compared well with the single
modes at slightly higher spike levels. Limits of detection for all the six sample preparation
techniques fell below the clinically relevant therapeutic range of approximately 3–8 ppm.
Therefore all techniques can be employed for routine therapeutic drug monitoring studies.
Description
Keywords
Antiretroviral drugs, Liquid extraction, LC-MS
Citation
Sichilongo, K., Mwando Jr, E., Sepako, E. and Massele, A., 2018. Comparison of efficiencies of selected sample extraction techniques for the analysis of selected antiretroviral drugs in human plasma using LC-MS. Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods, 89, pp.1-8.