1284-P: Genetic and Lifestyle Associations with Cardiometabolic Traits and Diabetes Risk Factors in Ethnically Diverse Africans
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Date
2022-06-01
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Diabetes
Abstract
African ancestry populations are underrepresented in human genetic studies, which leaves a knowledge gap about genetic and environmental risk factors for metabolic disease which can bias healthcare treatment. To alleviate these shortcomings, we conducted a series of genome-wide association studies of cardiometabolic traits in a diverse sampling of ∼2,500 (max sample size) ethnically and geographically diverse Africans from populations practicing agriculturalist, hunter-gatherer, and pastoralist subsistence strategies. This study includes the Fulani pastoralists who have a relatively high incidence of adult-onset diabetes, despite having a low average body mass index (BMI) . All individuals in the present study are sampled from rural populations that have relatively homogeneous lifestyles and diet within a community. This unique aspect to the study cohort allows for within- and between- group comparisons to identify trait variation attributable to genetics vs. lifestyle variation. Subjects were genotyped on a new African-focused SNP array from the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3 Africa) consortium. Genome-wide data was imputed based on a panel of African whole-genome sequences and data from the 1000 genomes project, resulting in a total of million variants for trait association analysis. Genetic associations were tested for BMI, blood pressure, and blood biomarkers of cardiometabolic health. We checked for replication of genotype/phenotype associations by comparison to large non-African cohorts studied for the same traits. We find that most associations identified in non-African populations do not replicate in the Africans. However, we identified a number of novel loci associated with cardiometabolic traits in the African populations. This study has important implications for identifying genetic risk factors that may play a role in metabolic disease in individuals of African ancestry.
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Keywords
Lifestyle, Ethnically Diverse Africans, Genetics
Citation
Hui, D., Harris, D., Mcquillan, M., Hansen, M., Ranciaro, A., Beggs, W., Mpoloka, S.W., Woldemeskel, D., Njamnshi, A.K., Nyambo, T.B. and Chanock, S., 2022. 1284-P: Genetic and Lifestyle Associations with Cardiometabolic Traits and Diabetes Risk Factors in Ethnically Diverse Africans. Diabetes, 71(1).