Social networks' influence on tobacco use among students in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Date
2005
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Journal Title
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Publisher
Promotion & Education
Abstract
Introduction
Tobacco use is a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in both developing and developed countries (WHO, 1995). Tobacco use has increased dramatically in developing
countries over the last 25 years, and it is estimated that by 2030, seven out of ten tobacco-attributable deaths will occur in developing countries (WHO, 2002).
Numerous studies worldwide have focused on the correlates, predictors, and risk factors associated with the initiation of cigarette smoking during childhood and adolescence (Zhu et al., 1992; Flay et al., 1998; Shamshudin et al., 2000; Zhang et al., 2000). These studies completed in developed countries have shown an association between the smoking habits of parents and their children's smoking behaviors. In addition, experimentation with the use of cigarettes at a younger age is a predictor of future regular use of a tobacco products as well as experimentation with a wider range of other substance abuse (Soueif et al., 1990).
Generally, school based studies in developing nations show the prevalence of ever smoking to vary considerably.According to data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey, 37.6% of South African adolescents reported ever smoking in 2002, and over half of the smokers reporting having parents who smoke (WHO, 2002). The occurrence of adolescent ever smoking in Mali was 39.8% in 2001, in Mauritania 31.8%, and in Kenya 14.9% (WHO, 2001)
Peer influences (Kwamanga, Odhiambo,& Amukoye, 2003; Maassen, Kremers,;1------.Mudde & Joof, 2004) and family members have also been found to be important determinants of cigarette smoking among children in African countries. A school- based study conducted in Zimbabwe among secondary school children showed that more fathers (25.5%) than mothers (8.7%) were tobacco users (Aare et al., 2000). Adelekan et al. (1993) completed a study in Nigeria among college age students that indicated siblings had a greater influence on smoking behavior than parents
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Keywords
Social networks, Smoking, Adolescents
Citation
Kaduri, P., Gilreath, T., King, G., Mbwambo, J., Kilonzo, G., Flisher, A.J. and Matthews, S.A., 2005. Social networks’ influence on tobacco use among students in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Promotion & education, 12(2), pp.66-70.