Obstetric ultrasound findings of women presenting with preeclampsia at Kairuki Hospital from January 2023 to June 2023
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Date
2023
Authors
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Hubert Kairuki Memorial University
Abstract
Preeclampsia attributes 2–8% of all pregnancies worldwide. In Africa and Asia only 9%
of maternal deaths are due to this condition. Many deaths which are due to this
condition occur in the developing countries. Doppler ultrasound radiological
characteristics have been of great importance due to its contribution in early detection
of uteroplacental insuffiency which has helped in definitive treatment and prevention of
any fetal complications. The interventions to this conditions depends on the magnitude
of the disease, though safe delivery for preterm to full term pregnancies showed less
morbidity and mortality. This study was of great importance and necessary because,
there was an
early intervention to all clients who were found to have abnormalities through
identification of Doppler ultrasound radiological characteristics there was a good
prediction of fetal outcome due to the early diagnosis of the problem and timely saving
the fetal and maternal health.
Objective: To determine fetal Doppler ultra sound characteristics in Preeclamptic
women.
Methodology: This was a longitudinal study which included direct participation of 196
clients. The laboratory and radiological investigations were done accordingly. The
protein in urine as an important laboratory investigation was done using a urine dip
stick by an investigator being assisted by a lab technician. An ultrasound Doppler scan
was also done by a principal investigator also being assisted by two sonographers at
Kairuki Hospital. This was a 95% of confidence level. An ultrasound machine was used
to find out the magnitude of placenta calcification, restrictive index of the umbilical
vessels and Fetal Biophysical profile. The study was done after obtaining an informed
consent from the participant, all the pregnant participants who were attending at
antenatal clinic and who were admitted in the wards, at a gestation age above 20 week
with a raised blood pressure and other features like headache, blurred vision, epigastric
pain and dizziness were involved in the study, all others with raised blood pressure at
gestation age below 20 weeks were excluded in the study.
Results: The participants were investigated from different age groups. The leading
group was the middle age: 26-35 years which contributed to 37.8% followed by the
young age group of 15-25 years which contributed to 30.6%, the older group of 36-45
years was 24%, and the age group above 46 years presented 7.7%. The prime gravid
group which had resulted to 64.3% showed that this was a risk group than the
multigravida group which had only resulted to 35.7%. Placenta calcification grading was
investigated about 17.95% had grade III. 47.2% Grade II and 34.9% grade I. Grade 0
had no calcification. 69.9% of the participants had abnormal fetal placenta blood flow
of the studied participant had a gestation age of 35,36 and 37 weeks The fetal
radiological features based on umbilical Doppler velocimetry
Conclusion and recommendations: This study revealed abnormal fetal radiological
characteristics in most of Preeclamptic patients which might lead to abnormal fetal
health.There is a need of early antenatal radiological screening to all Preeclamptic
patients for early detection of placental as well as umbilical cord changes and
intervention.
Description
A Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Medicine (Obstetrics and Gynecology) of Hubert Kairuki Memorial University
Keywords
Preeclampsia, Obstetric ultrasound, Kairuki hospital
Citation
Siwango, Erasto N., 2023. Obstetric ultrasound findings of women presenting with preeclampsia at Kairuki Hospital from January 2023 to June 2023.HKMU