Magoma, Robert M.2024-02-012024-02-012023Magoma,Robert M.,2023.The pattern of respiratory manifestations in persons with HIV & AIDS in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania twenty six years after the introduction of anti-retro viral drugs.HKMUhttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1290A Dissertation Submitted in (partial) fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Medicine (Internal Medicine) of the Hubert Kairuki Memorial University.The pattern of respiratory manifestations in persons with HIV & AIDS in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania twenty six years after the introduction of anti-retro viral drugs. Magoma, Robert M. ABSTRACT Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Objective: To assess respiratory manifestations among adults living with HIV/AIDS in Dar es Salaam. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted at Dar es Salaam public regional referral hospitals. Adults living with HIV/AIDS displaying respiratory manifestations were the target population. A pre-designed questionnaire was the main tool used for data collection. Univariate statistics was done and summarized using median and corresponding inter-quartile range. Multivariable logistic regression was the main method of data analysis.Alpha level of 5% was used as a limit of type I error in findings. Results: We successfully recruited and analysed 302 adult participants. Male: Female =1.6:1. Median age of participant was 47 Conclusion: About one-fifth of all study participants had reported respiratory manifestations. Tuberculosis was the most prevalent respiratory diagnosis. Actual age, HIV stage, estimated time on ARVs, CD4+ counts as well as viral load were factors associated with respiratory manifestations in this study population. Recommendations: Modern and standard diagnostics need to be invested in order to be able to improve diagnostic utilities of different respiratory pathologies associated with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania. There are potential possibilities for pulmonary-based diagnostic calculators for clinical predictive analyses as well as prognostication purposes.enAnti-retro viralHIV & AIDSDar es salaam,TanzaniaThesis